What Are Human
Rights?.
Human
rights are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex,
nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human
rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture,
freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many
more. Everyone is entitled to these rights, without discrimination
25 Basic Human Rights List
Universal
Declaration of Human Rights List of 30 basic human rights Human rights is moral
principles or norms that describe certain standards of human behaviour, and are
regularly protected as legal rights in municipal and international law.
1. No discrimination Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or another opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs.
2. All human beings are free and equal All human beings are born free and
equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and
should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood.
3. Right to life Everyone has the
right to life, liberty and security of person.
4. No slavery No one shall be held
in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all
their forms
. 5. No torture and inhuman treatment No one shall be subjected to torture
or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.
6. Equal before the law All are equal before the law and are entitled
without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to
equal protection against any discrimination in violation and against any
incitement to such discrimination.
7. Same right to use law Everyone
has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.
8. Right to treated fair by court Everyone has the right to an effective
remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental
rights granted him by the constitution or by law.
9. No unfair detainment No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.
10. Right to trial Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.
11. Innocent until proved guilty
Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent
until proved guilty according to the law in a public trial at which he has had all
the guarantees necessary for his defence. No one shall be held guilty of any
penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal
offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was
committed.
12. Right to privacy No one shall be
subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or
correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the
right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.
13. Freedom to movement and residence Everyone has the right to freedom of
movement and residence within the borders of each state. Everyone has the right
to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.
14. Right to asylum Everyone has the
right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution. This
right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from
non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of
the United Nations.
15. Right to nationality Everyone has the right to a nationality. No one
shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change
his nationality
16. Rights to marry and have family
Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or
religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to
equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. Marriage
shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending
spouses. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is
entitled to protection by society and the State.
17. Right to own things Everyone has the right to own property alone as
well as in association with others. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his
property.
18. Freedom of thought and religion Everyone has the right to freedom of
thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his
religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and
in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice,
worship and observance.
19. Freedom of opinion and
expression Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this
right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek,
receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of
frontiers.
20. Right to assemble Everyone has
the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association. No one may be
compelled to belong to an association.
21. Right to democracy Everyone has
the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through
freely chosen representatives. Everyone has the right of equal access to public
service in his country.
22. Right to social security Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international co-operation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.
23. Right to work Everyone has the
right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions
of work and to protection against unemployment. Everyone, without any
discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work. Everyone has the
right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.
24. Right to rest and holiday Everyone has the right to rest and leisure,
including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with
pay.
25. Right of social service Everyone
has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of
himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care
and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of
unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of
livelihood in circumstances beyond his control. Motherhood and childhood are
entitled to special care and assistance. All children shall enjoy the same
social protection.
Human Rights Day is observed every year on 10 December — the day the United Nations General Assembly adopted, in 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights UDHR.
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