Nanotechnology

Benefits          of            Nanotechnology

 

  

INTRODUCTION

 

Nanotechnology has gone from being something revolutionary in its beginnings to being something of a necessary character in our lives as humans, as we know nanotechnology is the use of science and technology to be able to create things of atomic or molecular size, as a result of these Multiple products, have been developed for different uses or areas, for example in the medical area, they are looking to make nanorobots that are capable of navigating the bloodstream and can detect harmful cells for our body and combat them as a kind of help to the white blood cells that are responsible for this function.

 

Likewise, in terms of technology, it seeks to be able to implant nano processors within the human brain which can help increase the capabilities of the human brain, as well as allow a human to be connected to electronic devices today.

 

Origin of Nanotechnology.

It was in the year 1959 when the American physicist Richard Feynman gave a speech where he spoke of a subject never before touched that was the manipulation of atoms, with this a new concept began to emerge which at first was taken as a joke because At that time it was seen as something impossible to do, Feynman imagined encyclopedias written on the head of a pin, likewise, he imagined all the information of all the books in the world that man has made written in a cube of material with measures of two-hundredths of an inch wide, a bit far-fetched for the time.

In 1981, Eric Drexler, an American engineer, published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, an article in which he explained more fully what Feynman said earlier in 1959.

ing this article we will see what its history has been, its beginnings, the benefits that it can bring as well as the conflicts that have to come to dominate this technology since even as we know, any technology that is misused can be used with warlike terms. It is necessary to say that it is a two-edged sword if it is in the wrong hands, but here in this article we will always talk about the benefits that can be had both for humans and for the planet in general, since nanotechnology can reach be used for aspects such as eliminating the pollution that affects our planet so much today.

 

Definition of nanotechnology.

 According to (RAE): "Technology of materials and structures in which the order of magnitude is measured in nanometers, with application to physics, chemistry, and biology".

 Nanotechnology works with materials and structures whose magnitudes are measured in nanometers, which is equivalent to one billionth of a meter. A nanomaterial has morphological properties smaller than a tenth of a micrometer in at least one dimension; in In other words, considering that the materials must have height, width, and length, one of these three dimensions is less than a tenth of a meter divided by 1 million.

 

Nanotechnology in our life.

 

When we talk about this science, it seems that we are talking about a futuristic science because it is always referred to as something that is going to be carried out as saying that nanotechnology would produce, allow, that is, we see it as something that is not yet carried out as science without a present and that there is still much to do, however, we must know that today nanotechnology is available to everyone in many products around us.

 

For example, there are refrigerators that contain nanoparticles of silver which help to better preserve food, pans or jars or non-stick pans, which surely also have nano particular of silver to be able to fulfill this function. Another clear example that nanotechnology is present in our lives are anti-aging or anti-wrinkle creams, which also have nanoparticles that help to carry out this activity on the skin, although it is true that they do not have the best Of the famLes of this type of cream, it should be noted that they use this technology as the main developer of the function they are looking for, that is, the rejuvenation of the skin.

Another way in which nanotechnology enters our lives is by conserving the environment, since it is necessary to know that activists or people who are interested in it, will make use of this technology to be able to counteract these evils, however, it is necessary take into account the advantages of nanotechnology as well as the risks of using it irresponsibly, all technological use can bring collateral damage and if it is not considered the collateral damage can be much greater.

 

As an example, I put what one of my professors in the master's degree in administrative engineering, Dr. Fernando Aguirre y Hernández told us, who made us the comment of a new way of collecting water through a kind of spider web, an invention still in development. that he saw, however, that makes us think about the benefit that it can only bring us, but nobody thinks about the risks that the development of an invention on a massive scale could cause. This kind of spider web could be using nanotechnology just to give an example, but imagine a spider web that covers an entire city in order to have water catchment, now imagine that the city is located in a humid region in itself, this would then make it catch a lot of water from the environment, but risks such as interruption of the natural water cycle, of rain, risk that the climate itself will totally change in that region, becoming a dry, arid city.

 

Nanotechnology and other sciences.

 

At first, it was thought that nanotechnology was going to be linked only to physics, this because its pioneer Richard Feynman saw it from this point of view, reality has gone beyond what he thought and today we can see that Nanotechnology is linked to other sciences such as mathematics, chemistry, biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology. Other areas for which this technology is already used are medicine, agriculture, wastewater treatment, as well as computer science.

 

The need for a Nanoscience.

Nanoscience  

Nanotechnology observes and explores the nano-world, characterizes it through its properties, measures those properties. With this information, they are modeling that "magic point". Taking advantage of that knowledge they build nano-objects, which will surely allow us to better understand the behavior of the nanometric, adjusting the model that describes it.

 

Nanotechnology and medicine.

 

Nanotechnology has become an important part in the world of medicine and health, and if it does not seem like it, nanotechnology has been present for a long time in this branch, the clear example we have with colloidal gold, the Chinese in 2500 BC They were looking for a way to extend the life and making use of this material they sought to achieve it, in the same way in medieval Europe, the alchemists made a concoction of ground gold to be able to eliminate and prevent the pain of arthritis. In the 16th century, it was used to treat epilepsy and in the 19th century it was used against syphilis.

 

In the year 1890, the German bacteriologist Robert Koch discovered that gold cyanide particles in nanoparticle size inhibited the growth of the tuberculosis bacillus. From this fact it was used for the treatment against tuberculosis in 1920, for this contribution and many others in 1905 Koch won the Nobel Prize.

 

Nanotechnology benefits.

 According to (Rivera)

 

"If we see this technology as developers of such science, we will always find applications for it, however we must not forget the consequences that they can bring us, this will be mentioned later".

 

“Molecular Manufacturing (MM) can solve many of the world's current problems. For example in many areas of the world, something so

simple as a water filter, or a mosquito net can save many lives, and the manufacture of this type of simple product has a very low cost ”. 

"Nanotechnology has broad benefits, each of them is studied at a high level of depth by researchers, see the references if you want more expanded content about this matter."

 

Benefits in society:

• Advanced nanotechnology can solve many human problems.
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• Computers and display devices would be incredibly cheap, accessible to all.
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• Many different problems are related to water.
• High-tech products can enable people to live with much less environmental impact.
• Cheap greenhouses can save water, land and food.
• Nanotechnology makes solar energy possible.
• Living spaces can improve a lot.
• Computers would be cheap enough for everyone.
• Nanotechnology can help the environment.
• Improved medicine can be widely available
• Eliminating the causes of distress can reduce social unrest.

 

Benefits in the medicinal area:

•  Research and diagnosis will be more efficient. Tools and surgical diagnosis will be more elegant and cheaper
• Small medical devices can be implanted permanently.
• More medical problems can be prevented.
• New diseases could be stopped quickly.
• Diagnosis and treatment can be semi-automatic.
• Improve health and increase lifespan.
• MM will facilitate gene therapy.

 

Nanotechnology risks

In the case of nanotechnology, the impact will be noticeable in a few years, with the danger that humanity may be unprepared for the risks that such an impact entails.

 

Impacts on society

Major changes in the structure of society and the political system.

Personal risks of criminal or terrorist use

Environmental damage or health risks from unregulated products

 

Unstable arms race

Nanotech weapons would be extremely powerful and could lead to a dangerously unstable arms race

Inexpensive production and duplication of designs could lead to big changes in the economy.

The over-exploitation of cheap products could cause significant damage to the environment.

Environmental damage or health risks from unregulated products

The black market in nanotechnology

Simple solutions will not succeed. It is unlikely to find the appropriate response to this situation without first entering into a planning process (Rivera

Health impacts.

IN 1997 researchers from the University of Oxford and the University of Montreal published that titanium dioxide and zinc oxide used as nanoparticles in most sunscreens produce free radicals in skin cells, damaging DNA.

In 2002, the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology at Rice University, Houston, reported that nanoparticles accumulate in the organs of laboratory animals (liver and lungs). This could lead to tumors, as well as DNA damage. Nanotubes, similar to very fine needles could stick into the lungs with effects similar to those caused by asbestos.

In 2003 in a study requested by the ETC Group, the toxic-pathologist Vyvyan Howard refined that the size of nanoparticles, more than the material that composes them, is a danger in itself because it exponentially enlarges their catalytic potential and the immune system does not reveal them.

In 2004, Howard reported at a world conference on nanotoxicity that nanoparticles move from mother to fetus via the placenta. It was shown that carbon nanospheres dissolved in water, simulating a degree

 

 

Conclution.

 
Nanotechnology has been a great discovery
by humanity, just as it was a great vision at a certain
time, today it is a great future for the benefit of
humanity, with the development of this science,
like nanoscience, it has managed to benefit the
a human being from different points of view, such as
health, aesthetics, also with the improvement that
can be made in other sectors such as the cleaning
of residual guides or the development of materials
that destroy pollutants in the atmosphere or the earth
so to speak, all this makes this science something
magnificent since just thinking that you can create
nanobots that can be introduced into your body to
eliminate all kinds of viruses or diseases that you
may have make humanity go already
thinking about aspects such as eternal life even.